Glipizide
| Evidence Level: L5 | Predicted Indications: 10 |
Table of Contents
Glipizide: From Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus to Opsismodysplasia
One-Sentence Summary
Glipizide is a sulfonylurea originally used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. The TxGNN model predicts it may be effective for opsismodysplasia, a rare skeletal dysplasia, but there are currently 0 clinical trials and 0 relevant publications supporting this direction. The prediction rests on the model alone.
Quick Overview
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Original Indication | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (the Singapore licence records contain no indication text, so this comes from the knowledge-graph indication data) |
| Predicted New Indication | Opsismodysplasia |
| TxGNN Prediction Score | 98.77% |
| Evidence Level | L5 |
| Singapore Market Status | ✓ Marketed |
| Number of Registrations | 8 |
| Recommended Decision | Hold |
Why is This Prediction Reasonable?
Detailed mechanism of action data is not available in the data compiled for this report. Glipizide is generally known as a sulfonylurea that closes K-ATP channels in pancreatic beta cells and stimulates insulin secretion. Its efficacy in type 2 diabetes is well established.
Opsismodysplasia is a rare skeletal dysplasia caused by INPPL1 mutations (SHIP2 deficiency), which affect PI3K/insulin-signalling-related pathways. The only conceivable connection to glipizide is that both touch insulin-related biology. No plausible mechanistic link has been identified. Glipizide stimulates insulin release and does not correct a SHIP2 defect.
The high score therefore looks like a graph-based association, not a biologically grounded signal. Other top-ranked predictions show the same pattern: stiff person syndrome and focal stiff limb syndrome (shared autoimmune diabetes comorbidity), several localized lipodystrophies (shared diabetes context), and pancreatic agenesis (where the drug is mechanistically implausible because there are no beta cells to stimulate).
Clinical Trial Evidence
Currently no related clinical trials registered.
Literature Evidence
Currently no related literature available for opsismodysplasia.
Singapore Market Information
Glipizide has 8 valid single-ingredient registrations, all oral tablets. No approved indication text is recorded in the licence data.
| Authorization Number | Product Name | Dosage Form | Approved Indication |
|---|---|---|---|
| SIN10183P | DIBIZIDE TABLETS 5 mg | Tablet | Not recorded |
| SIN13084P | DIACTIN TABLET 5 MG | Tablet | Not recorded |
| SIN08508P | GLYNASE TABLET 5 mg | Tablet | Not recorded |
| SIN04059P | MINIDIAB TABLET 5 mg | Tablet | Not recorded |
| SIN10724P | SUNGLUCON TABLET 5 mg | Tablet | Not recorded |
Cytotoxicity
Not applicable. Glipizide is not an antineoplastic drug.
Safety Considerations
- Contraindications (knowledge-graph associations, not label text): Kidney disease, liver disease, gallbladder disease, adrenocortical insufficiency/Addison disease, hypopituitarism and other pituitary hormone deficiencies, thymus gland disease, infectious disease, and substance abuse/dependence.
- Drug Interactions: 100 interactions were found. Most listed ones are Moderate: beta-agonists and sympathomimetics (salbutamol, formoterol, epinephrine, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine), acebutolol, H2 blockers (famotidine, ranitidine), acetazolamide, hydrochlorothiazide, NSAIDs (ibuprofen, ketorolac), ethinylestradiol, hydrocortisone, acitretin, albiglutide, nitazoxanide and ethanol. Topical corticosteroids (hydrocortisone, alclometasone) are Minor.
Please also refer to the package insert for safety information, as label warnings and contraindications are not available in the data compiled for this report.
Conclusion and Next Steps
Decision: Hold
Rationale: The prediction has no supporting trials or literature (L5), and no plausible mechanism links a K-ATP-channel insulin secretagogue to a SHIP2-deficiency skeletal dysplasia. The same holds for the other nine predicted indications, so none justifies advancing.
To proceed, the following is needed:
- Package insert warnings and contraindications from the HSA website, which are required for safety screening
- Detailed mechanism of action data for glipizide
- Any preclinical or clinical evidence linking sulfonylureas or K-ATP channel modulation to INPPL1/SHIP2 biology
- An approved-indication record for the Singapore licences
- Evaluation of whether other predicted indications with a symptom-level link (such as thiamine-responsive dysfunction syndrome, where diabetes is a feature) merit a targeted literature review
Disclaimer
This content is for research purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Clinical validation is required before any clinical application.